Those Who Lose Weight, Win

Experience teaches us, and statistics affirm, that rarely will we find an obese vegetarian. In fact, obesity or the tendency towards it is one of the good reasons to change diet and base it on plant foods.

Overweight creates many health problems. The heart, the bones and joints are overloaded in performing their functions. Weight loss is to achieve good health. It has been said that one kilo more of weight shortens life by one year.

The ideal weight of an adult can be approx calculated by taking into consideration the height: the number of centimetres which exceed one metre are  the kilos that an individual should weigh. Normal weight is that between 10% above or below this number of kilos. Thus a person who measures 1.70 metres should weight 70 kilos, with a normal margin of between 63 and 77 kilos, depending on the bone structure.

Obesity or overweight is the result of an imbalance between energy that is ingested and that which the body really needs. The energy that is left over accumulates in the form of fats, especially under the skin.

Seen in this way, there are only two solutions to avoid excess weight: take in less calories and use more calories. Nevertheless, this is not as simple as it seems, and there are other factors which decisively affect the problem of overweight

CAUSES OF OVERWEIGHT
Have you not heard this saying at some time?
"I do not understand why I am putting on weight, with the little that I eat!'
Very often over weight persons are accused of eating too much. But really, this is not the only nor most important cause of overweight. All of us have known thin persons who eat constantly. There are even those who try to gain weight, but it does not happen. Therefore, aside from eating too much food, there must be other factors which cause overweight.  A classic experiment which investigators of human nutrition know well is: Eating exactly the same, and carrying on the same daily exercise programme causes some persons to increase in weight, others maintain weight, and still others may even become thinner. Not all persons gain weight at the same rate. The causes of the differences between individuals are not clear as  yet  despite the great amount of research undertaken on this subject.
The following are some indications:


Hereditary factor. There are persons who have inherited from their ancestors a corpulent constitution, which may possibly be related to better assimilation of food.
Individual factors. These depend on the hormonal balance of each person. Hormones such as thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland, speeds the combustion of nutrients in the body.On the contrary, insulin increases the lipogenesis (production of fats). It has been proven that overweight persons are less sensitive to insulin, that is, they need more insulin to metabolise glucose. As a result, this causes an increase in the production of fat.
Smaller thermogenic capacity. That is, overweight persons produce less heat than thin people. The calories that are not transformed into energy accumulate in the body in the form of fat. On the contrary, thin persons spend more calories in trying  to keep the body warm so they consume more energy and have a small deposit of fat.
More sensitive hunger centre. A nerve nucleus which regulates the appetite and which is found in the hypothalamus, in the centre of the brain. This makes individuals who tend to be overweight get hungry more often, and need more food to enjoy the feeling of fullness.

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